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Merge pull request #31721 from rwestMSFT/rw-0830-fix-9868
Refresh in-doubt xact resolution article and include PR 9868
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‎docs/database-engine/configure-windows/in-doubt-xact-resolution-server-configuration-option.md‎

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---
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title: "in-doubt xact resolution (server configuration option)"
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description: "Become familiar with the in-doubt xact resolution option. See how it determines the default outcome for in-doubt transactions in SQL Server."
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author: rwestMSFT
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ms.author: randolphwest
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ms.date: "03/02/2017"
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ms.service: sql
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ms.subservice: configuration
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ms.topic: conceptual
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helpviewer_keywords:
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- "distributed transactions [SQL Server], unresolved transactions"
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- "unresolved transactions"
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- "in-doubt xact resolution option"
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---
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# in-doubt xact resolution (server configuration option)
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[!INCLUDE [SQL Server](../../includes/applies-to-version/sqlserver.md)]
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Use the **in-doubt xact resolution** option to control the default outcome of transactions that the [!INCLUDE[msCoName](../../includes/msconame-md.md)] Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MS DTC) is unable to resolve. Inability to resolve transactions may be related to the MS DTC down time or an unknown transaction outcome at the time of recovery.
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The following table lists the possible outcome values for resolving an in-doubt transaction.
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|Outcome value|Description|
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|-------------------|-----------------|
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|0|No presumption. Recovery fails if MS DTC cannot resolve any in-doubt transactions.|
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|1|Presume commit. Any MS DTC in-doubt transactions are presumed to have committed.|
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|2|Presume abort. Any MS DTC in-doubt transactions are presumed to have aborted.|
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To minimize the possibility of extended down time, an administrator might choose to configure this option either to presume commit or presume abort, as shown in the following example.
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```
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sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
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GO
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RECONFIGURE
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GO
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sp_configure 'in-doubt xact resolution', 2 -- presume abort
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GO
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RECONFIGURE
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GO
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sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0
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GO
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RECONFIGURE
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GO
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```
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Alternatively, the administrator might want to leave the default (no presumption) and allow recovery to fail in order to be made aware of a DTC failure, as shown in the following example.
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```
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sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
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GO
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RECONFIGURE
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GO
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sp_configure 'in-doubt xact resolution', 1 -- presume commit
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GO
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reconfigure
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GO
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ALTER DATABASE pubs SET ONLINE -- run recovery again
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GO
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sp_configure 'in-doubt xact resolution', 0 -- back to no assumptions
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GO
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sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0
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GO
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RECONFIGURE
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GO
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```
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The **in-doubt xact resolution** option is an advanced option. If you are using the **sp_configure** system stored procedure to change the setting, you can change **in-doubt xact resolution** only when **show advanced options** is set to 1. The setting takes effect immediately without a server restart.
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> [!NOTE]
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> Consistent configuration of this option across all [!INCLUDE[msCoName](../../includes/msconame-md.md)] [!INCLUDE[ssNoVersion](../../includes/ssnoversion-md.md)] instances involved in any distributed transactions will help avoid data inconsistencies.
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## See Also
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[RECONFIGURE (Transact-SQL)](../../t-sql/language-elements/reconfigure-transact-sql.md)
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[Server Configuration Options (SQL Server)](../../database-engine/configure-windows/server-configuration-options-sql-server.md)
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[sp_configure (Transact-SQL)](../../relational-databases/system-stored-procedures/sp-configure-transact-sql.md)
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---
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title: "Server configuration: in-doubt xact resolution"
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description: Learn about the in-doubt xact resolution option. See how it determines the default outcome for in-doubt transactions in SQL Server.
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author: rwestMSFT
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ms.author: randolphwest
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ms.date: 08/30/2024
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ms.service: sql
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ms.subservice: configuration
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ms.topic: conceptual
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helpviewer_keywords:
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- "distributed transactions [SQL Server], unresolved transactions"
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- "unresolved transactions"
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- "in-doubt xact resolution option"
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---
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# Server configuration: in-doubt xact resolution
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[!INCLUDE [appliesto-sqlserver-sqlmi-sqlvm](../../includes/applies-to-version/appliesto-sqlserver-sqlmi-sqlvm.md)]
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Use the `in-doubt xact resolution` option to control the default outcome of transactions that the [!INCLUDE [msCoName](../../includes/msconame-md.md)] Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MS DTC) is unable to resolve. Inability to resolve transactions might be related to the MS DTC down time or an unknown transaction outcome at the time of recovery.
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The following table lists the possible outcome values for resolving an in-doubt transaction.
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| Outcome value | Description |
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| --- | --- |
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| `0` | No presumption. Recovery fails if MS DTC can't resolve any in-doubt transactions. |
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| `1` | Presume commit. Presumes that any MS DTC in-doubt transactions are committed. |
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| `2` | Presume abort. Presumes that any MS DTC in-doubt transactions are aborted. |
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To minimize the possibility of extended down time, an administrator might choose to configure this option either to presume commit or presume abort, as shown in the following example.
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```sql
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sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1;
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GO
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RECONFIGURE;
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GO
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sp_configure 'in-doubt xact resolution', 2; -- presume abort
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GO
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RECONFIGURE;
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GO
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sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0;
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GO
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RECONFIGURE;
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GO
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```
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Alternatively, the administrator might want to leave the default (no presumption) and allow recovery to fail in order to be made aware of a DTC failure, as shown in the following example.
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```sql
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sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1;
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GO
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RECONFIGURE;
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GO
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sp_configure 'in-doubt xact resolution', 1; -- presume commit
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GO
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RECONFIGURE
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GO
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ALTER DATABASE pubs SET ONLINE -- run recovery again
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GO
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sp_configure 'in-doubt xact resolution', 0 -- back to no assumptions
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GO
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sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0
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GO
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RECONFIGURE
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GO
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```
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The `in-doubt xact resolution` option is an advanced option. If you use the `sp_configure` system stored procedure to change the setting, you can change `in-doubt xact resolution` only when `show advanced options` is set to `1`. The setting takes effect immediately without a server restart.
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> [!NOTE]
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> Consistent configuration of this option across all [!INCLUDE [ssNoVersion](../../includes/ssnoversion-md.md)] instances involved in any distributed transactions helps avoid data inconsistencies.
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## Related content
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- [RECONFIGURE (Transact-SQL)](../../t-sql/language-elements/reconfigure-transact-sql.md)
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- [Server configuration options](server-configuration-options-sql-server.md)
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- [sp_configure (Transact-SQL)](../../relational-databases/system-stored-procedures/sp-configure-transact-sql.md)

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