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Update log-replay-service-overview.md
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azure-sql/managed-instance/log-replay-service-overview.md

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[!INCLUDE[appliesto-sqlmi](../includes/appliesto-sqlmi.md)]
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This article provides an overview of Log Replay Service (LRS), which you can use to migrate databases from SQL Server to Azure SQL Managed Instance. LRS is a free cloud service that's available for Azure SQL Managed Instance and based on SQL Server log-shipping technology.
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This article provides an overview of Log Replay Service (LRS), which you can use to migrate databases from SQL Server to Azure SQL Managed Instance. LRS is a free cloud service available for Azure SQL Managed Instance and based on SQL Server log-shipping technology.
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To get started, review [Migrate databases from SQL Server to Azure SQL Managed Instance by using Log Replay Service](log-replay-service-migrate.md).
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Since LRS restores standard SQL Server backup files, you can use it to migrate from SQL Server *hosted anywhere* (either on-premises, or any cloud) to Azure SQL Managed Instance.
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To start your migration with LRS, review [Migrate databases by using Log Replay Service](log-replay-service-migrate.md).
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## When to use Log Replay Service
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[Azure Database Migration Service](/azure/dms/tutorial-sql-server-managed-instance-online), the [Azure SQL migration extension for Azure Data Studio](/azure-data-studio/extensions/azure-sql-migration-extension), and LRS all use the same underlying migration technology and APIs. LRS further enables complex custom migrations and hybrid architectures between on-premises SQL Server instances and SQL Managed Instance deployments.
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[Azure Database Migration Service](/azure/dms/tutorial-sql-server-managed-instance-online), the [Azure SQL migration extension for Azure Data Studio](/azure-data-studio/extensions/azure-sql-migration-extension), and LRS all use the same underlying migration technology and APIs. LRS further enables complex custom migrations and hybrid architectures between on-premises SQL Server instances and SQL Managed Instance deployments.
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When you can't use Azure Database Migration Service, or the Azure SQL extension for migration, you can use LRS directly with PowerShell, Azure CLI cmdlets, or APIs to manually build and orchestrate database migrations to SQL Managed Instance.
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- Backups are stored directly in Azure Blob Storage accounts through the `TO URL` option.
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- You need to use differential backups.
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The following sources are supported:
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Since LRS works by restoring standard SQL Server backup files, it should support migrations from any source. The following sources have been tested:
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- SQL Server on-premises/box
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- SQL Server on Virtual Machines
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- Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
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- Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service) for SQL Server
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- Google Compute Engine
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- Cloud SQL for SQL Server - GCP (Google Cloud Platform)
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- Cloud SQL for SQL Server - GCP (Google Cloud Platform)
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- Alibaba Cloud RDS for SQL Server
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If you encounter unexpected issues migrating from an unlisted source, open a support ticket for assistance.
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> [!NOTE]
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> - We recommend that you automate the migration of databases from SQL Server to Azure SQL Managed Instance by using the Azure SQL migration extension for Azure Data Studio. Consider using LRS to orchestrate migrations when the Azure SQL migration extension doesn't fully support your scenarios.
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| :----------------------------- | :------------------------- |
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| **1. Copy database backups from the SQL Server instance to the Blob Storage account**. | Copy full, differential, and log backups from the SQL Server instance to the Blob Storage container by using [AzCopy](/azure/storage/common/storage-use-azcopy-v10) or [Azure Storage Explorer](https://azure.microsoft.com/features/storage-explorer/). <br /><br />Use any file names. LRS doesn't require a specific file-naming convention.<br /><br />Use a separate folder for each database when you're migrating several databases. |
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| **2. Start LRS in the cloud**. | You can start the service with PowerShell ([start-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay](/powershell/module/az.sql/start-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay)) or the Azure CLI ([az_sql_midb_log_replay_start cmdlets](/cli/azure/sql/midb/log-replay#az-sql-midb-log-replay-start)). Choose between autocomplete or continuous migration mode. <br /><br /> Start LRS separately for each database that points to a backup folder on the Blob Storage account. <br /><br /> After the service starts, it takes backups from the Blob Storage container and starts restoring them to SQL Managed Instance.<br /><br /> When LRS is started in autocomplete mode, it restores all backups through the specified last backup file. All backup files must be uploaded in advance, and it isn't possible to add any new backup files while the migration is in progress. This mode is recommended for passive workloads for which no data catch-up is required. <br /><br /> When LRS is started in continuous mode, it restores all the backups that were initially uploaded and then watches for any new files that were uploaded to the folder. The service continuously applies logs based on the log sequence number (LSN) chain until it's stopped manually. We recommend this mode for active workloads for which data catch-up is required. |
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| **2.1. Monitor the operation's progress**. | You can monitor the progress of the ongoing restore operation with PowerShell ([get-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay](/powershell/module/az.sql/get-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay)) or the Azure CLI ([az_sql_midb_log_replay_show cmdlets](/cli/azure/sql/midb/log-replay#az-sql-midb-log-replay-show)). To track additional details on a failed request, use the PowerShell command [Get-AzSqlInstanceOperation](/powershell/module/az.sql/get-azsqlinstanceoperation) or use Azure CLI command [az sql mi op show](/cli/azure/sql/mi/op?view=azure-cli-latest#az-sql-mi-op-show). |
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| **2.1. Monitor the operation's progress**. | You can monitor the progress of the ongoing restore operation with PowerShell ([get-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay](/powershell/module/az.sql/get-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay)) or the Azure CLI ([az_sql_midb_log_replay_show cmdlets](/cli/azure/sql/midb/log-replay#az-sql-midb-log-replay-show)). To track additional details on a failed request, use the PowerShell command [Get-AzSqlInstanceOperation](/powershell/module/az.sql/get-azsqlinstanceoperation) or use Azure CLI command [az sql mi op show](/cli/azure/sql/mi/op#az-sql-mi-op-show). |
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| **2.2. Stop the operation if required (optional)**. | If you need to stop the migration process, use PowerShell ([stop-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay](/powershell/module/az.sql/stop-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay)) or the Azure CLI ([az_sql_midb_log_replay_stop](/cli/azure/sql/midb/log-replay#az-sql-midb-log-replay-stop)). <br /><br /> Stopping the operation deletes the database that you're restoring to SQL Managed Instance. After you stop an operation, you can't resume LRS for a database. You need to restart the migration process from the beginning. |
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| **3. Cut over to the cloud when you're ready**. | If LRS was started in autocomplete mode, the migration automatically finishes after the specified last backup file has been restored. <br /><br /> If LRS was started in continuous mode, stop the application and workload. Take the last log-tail backup and upload it to the Azure Blob Storage deployment. Ensure that the last log-tail backup has been restored on the managed instance. Complete the cutover by initiating an LRS `complete` operation with PowerShell ([complete-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay](/powershell/module/az.sql/complete-azsqlinstancedatabaselogreplay)) or the Azure CLI [az_sql_midb_log_replay_complete](/cli/azure/sql/midb/log-replay#az-sql-midb-log-replay-complete). This operation stops LRS and brings the database online for read/write workloads on SQL Managed Instance. <br /><br /> Repoint the application connection string from the SQL Server instance to SQL Managed Instance. You need to orchestrate this step yourself, either through a manual connection string change in your application, or automatically (for example, if your application can read the connection string from a property, or a database). |
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