unary-operators-negative.md

title	- (Negative) (Transact-SQL)
description	- (Negative) (Transact-SQL)
author	rwestMSFT
ms.author	randolphwest
ms.date	03/13/2017
ms.service	sql
ms.subservice	t-sql
ms.topic	reference
f1_keywords	negative
helpviewer_keywords	- (negative) negative operator (-) negative values
dev_langs	TSQL
monikerRange	>= aps-pdw-2016 || = azuresqldb-current || = azure-sqldw-latest || >= sql-server-2016 || >= sql-server-linux-2017 || = azuresqldb-mi-current

Unary Operators - Negative

[!INCLUDE sql-asdb-asdbmi-asa-pdw]

Returns the negative of the value of a numeric expression (a unary operator). Unary operators perform an operation on only one expression of any one of the data types of the numeric data type category.

Operator	Meaning
+ (Positive)	Numeric value is positive.
- (Negative)	Numeric value is negative.
~ (Bitwise NOT)	Returns the ones complement of the number.

The + (Positive) and - (Negative) operators can be used on any expression of any one of the data types of the numeric data type category. The ~ (Bitwise NOT) operator can be used only on expressions of any one of the data types of the integer data type category.

:::image type="icon" source="../../includes/media/topic-link-icon.svg" border="false"::: Transact-SQL syntax conventions

Syntax

- numeric_expression  

[!INCLUDEsql-server-tsql-previous-offline-documentation]

Arguments

numeric_expression
Is any valid expression of any one of the data types of the numeric data type category, except the date and time category.

Result Types

Returns the data type of numeric_expression, except that an unsigned tinyint expression is promoted to a signed smallint result.

Examples

A. Setting a variable to a negative value

The following example sets a variable to a negative value.

USE tempdb;  
GO  
DECLARE @MyNumber DECIMAL(10,2);  
SET @MyNumber = -123.45;  
SELECT @MyNumber AS NegativeValue;  
GO  

[!INCLUDEssResult]

NegativeValue  
---------------------------------------  
-123.45  
  
(1 row(s) affected)  
  

B. Changing a variable to a negative value

The following example changes a variable to a negative value.

USE tempdb;  
GO  
DECLARE @Num1 INT;  
SET @Num1 = 5;  
SELECT @Num1 AS VariableValue, -@Num1 AS NegativeValue;  
GO  

[!INCLUDEssResult]

VariableValue NegativeValue  
------------- -------------  
5             -5  
  
(1 row(s) affected)  
  

Examples: [!INCLUDEssazuresynapse-md] and [!INCLUDEssPDW]

C. Returning the negative of a positive constant

The following example returns the negative of a positive constant.

USE ssawPDW;  
  
SELECT TOP (1) - 17 FROM DimEmployee;  

Returns

-17  

D. Returning the positive of a negative constant

The following example returns the positive of a negative constant.

USE ssawPDW;  
  
SELECT TOP (1) - ( - 17) FROM DimEmployee;  

Returns

17  

E. Returning the negative of a column

The following example returns the negative of the BaseRate value for each employee in the dimEmployee table.

USE ssawPDW;  
  
SELECT - BaseRate FROM DimEmployee;  

See Also

Data Types (Transact-SQL)
Expressions (Transact-SQL)
Operators (Transact-SQL)