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docs/database-engine/availability-groups/windows/prereqs-restrictions-recommendations-always-on-availability.md

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|The host computer must be a WSFC node. The instances of [!INCLUDE[ssNoVersion](../../../includes/ssnoversion-md.md)] that host availability replicas for a given availability group reside on separate nodes of the cluster. An availability group can temporarily straddle two clusters while being migrated to different cluster. SQL Server 2016 introduces distributed availability groups. In a distributed availability group two availability groups reside on different clusters.|[Windows Server Failover Clustering &#40;WSFC&#41; with SQL Server](../../../sql-server/failover-clusters/windows/windows-server-failover-clustering-wsfc-with-sql-server.md)<br /><br /> [Failover Clustering and Always On Availability Groups &#40;SQL Server&#41;](../../../database-engine/availability-groups/windows/failover-clustering-and-always-on-availability-groups-sql-server.md)<br/> <br/> [Distributed Availability Groups (Always On Availability Groups)](./distributed-availability-groups.md)|
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|If you want an availability group to work with Kerberos:<br /><br /> All server instances that host an availability replica for the availability group must use the same SQL Server service account.<br /><br /> The domain administrator needs to manually register a Service Principal Name (SPN) with Active Directory on the SQL Server service account for the virtual network name (VNN) of the availability group listener. If the SPN is registered on an account other than the SQL Server service account, authentication will fail.<br /><br /> <br /><br /> <b>\*\* Important \*\*</b> If you change the SQL Server service account, the domain administrator will need to manually re-register the SPN.|[Register a Service Principal Name for Kerberos Connections](../../../database-engine/configure-windows/register-a-service-principal-name-for-kerberos-connections.md)<br /><br /> **Brief explanation:**<br /><br /> Kerberos and SPNs enforce mutual authentication. The SPN maps to the Windows account that starts the SQL Server services. If the SPN is not registered correctly or if it fails, the Windows security layer cannot determine the account associated with the SPN, and Kerberos authentication cannot be used.<br /><br /> <br /><br /> Note: NTLM does not have this requirement.|
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|If you plan to use a [!INCLUDE[ssNoVersion](../../../includes/ssnoversion-md.md)] failover cluster instance (FCI) to host an availability replica, ensure that you understand the FCI restrictions and that the FCI requirements are met.|[Prerequisites and Requirements on Using a SQL Server Failover Cluster Instance (FCI) to Host an Availability Replica](#FciArLimitations) (later in this article)|
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|Each server instance must be running the same version of SQL Server to participate in an Always On Availability Group.|Editions and supported features for [SQL 2014](/previous-versions/sql/2014/getting-started/features-supported-by-the-editions-of-sql-server-2014?view=sql-server-2014), [SQL 2016](../../../sql-server/editions-and-components-of-sql-server-2016.md?view=sql-server-2016), [SQL 2017](../../../sql-server/editions-and-components-of-sql-server-2017.md?view=sql-server-2017).|
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|Each server instance must be running the same version of SQL Server to participate in an Always On Availability Group.|Editions and supported features for [SQL 2014](/previous-versions/sql/2014/getting-started/features-supported-by-the-editions-of-sql-server-2014?view=sql-server-2014&preserve-view=true), [SQL 2016](../../../sql-server/editions-and-components-of-sql-server-2016.md?view=sql-server-2016&preserve-view=true), [SQL 2017](../../../sql-server/editions-and-components-of-sql-server-2017.md?view=sql-server-2017&preserve-view=true).|
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|All the server instances that host availability replicas for an availability group must use the same [!INCLUDE[ssNoVersion](../../../includes/ssnoversion-md.md)] collation.|[Set or Change the Server Collation](../../../relational-databases/collations/set-or-change-the-server-collation.md)|
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|Enable the [!INCLUDE[ssHADR](../../../includes/sshadr-md.md)] feature on each server instance that will host an availability replica for any availability group. On a given computer, you can enable as many server instances for [!INCLUDE[ssHADR](../../../includes/sshadr-md.md)] as your [!INCLUDE[ssNoVersion](../../../includes/ssnoversion-md.md)] installation supports.|[Enable and Disable Always On Availability Groups &#40;SQL Server&#41;](../../../database-engine/availability-groups/windows/enable-and-disable-always-on-availability-groups-sql-server.md)<br /><br /> <br /><br /> <b>\*\* Important \*\*</b> If you destroy and re-create a WSFC, you must disable and re-enable the [!INCLUDE[ssHADR](../../../includes/sshadr-md.md)] feature on each server instance that was enabled for [!INCLUDE[ssHADR](../../../includes/sshadr-md.md)] on the original cluster.|
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|Each server instance requires a database mirroring endpoint. Note that this endpoint is shared by all the availability replicas and database mirroring partners and witnesses on the server instance.<br /><br /> If a server instance that you select to host an availability replica is running under a domain user account and does not yet have a database mirroring endpoint, the [New Availability Group Wizard](../../../database-engine/availability-groups/windows/use-the-availability-group-wizard-sql-server-management-studio.md) (or [Add Replica to Availability Group Wizard](../../../database-engine/availability-groups/windows/use-the-add-replica-to-availability-group-wizard-sql-server-management-studio.md)) can create the endpoint and grant CONNECT permission to the server instance service account. However, if the [!INCLUDE[ssNoVersion](../../../includes/ssnoversion-md.md)] service is running as a built-in account, such as Local System, Local Service, or Network Service, or a nondomain account, you must use certificates for endpoint authentication, and the wizard will be unable to create a database mirroring endpoint on the server instance. In this case, we recommend that you create the database mirroring endpoints manually before you launch the wizard.<br /><br /> <br /><br /> <b>\*\* Security Note \*\*</b> Transport security for [!INCLUDE[ssHADR](../../../includes/sshadr-md.md)] is the same as for database mirroring.|[The Database Mirroring Endpoint &#40;SQL Server&#41;](../../../database-engine/database-mirroring/the-database-mirroring-endpoint-sql-server.md)<br /><br /> [Transport Security for Database Mirroring and Always On Availability Groups &#40;SQL Server&#41;](../../../database-engine/database-mirroring/transport-security-database-mirroring-always-on-availability.md)|

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