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title CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY (Transact-SQL) | Microsoft Docs
ms.custom
ms.date 10/15/2019
ms.prod sql
ms.prod_service database-engine, sql-database
ms.reviewer
ms.technology t-sql
ms.topic language-reference
f1_keywords
CREATE_COLUMN_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TSQL
SQL13.SWB.NEWCOLUMNENCRYPTIONKEY.GENERAL.F1
ENCRYPTION_KEY_TSQL
CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
ENCRYPTION KEY
COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
CREATE_COLUMN_ENCRYPTION_TSQL
SQL13.SWB.COLUMNENCRYPTIONKEY.GENERAL.F1
COLUMN_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TSQL
CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION
dev_langs
TSQL
helpviewer_keywords
Always Encrypted, create column encryption key
column encryption key, create
column encryption key
CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY statement
ms.assetid 517fe745-d79b-4aae-99a7-72be45ea6acb
author jaszymas
ms.author jaszymas

CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY (Transact-SQL)

[!INCLUDEtsql-appliesto-ss2016-asdb-xxxx-xxx-md]

Creates a column encryption key (CEK) with the initial set of values, encrypted with the specified column master keys (CMKs). This encryption is a metadata operation. A CEK might have up to two values, which allows for a CMK rotation. Creating a CEK is required before the Always Encrypted or Always Encrypted with secure enclaves feature encrypts any column in the database. CEKs can also be created by using [!INCLUDEssManStudioFull]. Before creating a CEK, you must define a CMK by using [!INCLUDEssManStudio] or the CREATE COLUMN MASTER KEY statement.

Topic link icon Transact-SQL Syntax Conventions

Syntax

CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY key_name   
WITH VALUES  
  (  
    COLUMN_MASTER_KEY = column_master_key_name,   
    ALGORITHM = 'algorithm_name',   
    ENCRYPTED_VALUE = varbinary_literal  
  )   
[, (  
    COLUMN_MASTER_KEY = column_master_key_name,   
    ALGORITHM = 'algorithm_name',   
    ENCRYPTED_VALUE = varbinary_literal  
  ) ]   
[;]

Arguments

key_name
Is the name by which the column encryption key will be known in the database.

column_master_key_name Specifies the name of the custom CMK used for encrypting the CEK.

algorithm_name
Name of the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the value of the column encryption key. The algorithm for the system providers must be RSA_OAEP.

varbinary_literal
The encrypted CEK value BLOB.

Warning

Never pass plaintext CEK values in this statement. Doing so will comprise the benefit of this feature.

Remarks

The CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY statement must include at least one VALUES clause and may have up to two. If only one is provided, you can use the ALTER COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY statement to add a second value later. You can also use the ALTER COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY statement to remove a VALUES clause.

Typically, a CEK is created with just one encrypted value. At times, you need to rotate a CMK. Replace the current CMK with the new CMK. When you need to rotate the key, add a new value of the column encryption key, encrypted with the new CMK. This rotation allows you to ensure client applications can access data encrypted with the CEK, while the new CMK is made available to client applications. An Always Encrypted enabled driver in a client application that doesn't have access to the new master key, will use the CEK value encrypted with the old CMK to access sensitive data.

The encryption algorithms, Always Encrypted supports, require the plaintext value to have 256 bits.

An encrypted value should be generated using a key store provider that encapsulates the key store holding the CMK. For more information, see Always Encrypted (client development).

Use sys.columns (Transact-SQL), sys.column_encryption_keys (Transact-SQL), and sys.column_encryption_key_values (Transact-SQL) to view information about column encryption keys.

Permissions

Requires the ALTER ANY COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY permission.

Examples

A. Creating a column encryption key

The following example creates a column encryption key called MyCEK.

CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY MyCEK   
WITH VALUES  
(  
    COLUMN_MASTER_KEY = MyCMK,   
    ALGORITHM = 'RSA_OAEP',   
    ENCRYPTED_VALUE = 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
);  
GO

Creating a Column Encryption Key with Two Values

The following example creates a column encryption key called TwoValueCEK with two values.

  
CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY TwoValueCEK   
WITH VALUES  
(  
    COLUMN_MASTER_KEY = CMK1,   
    ALGORITHM = 'RSA_OAEP',   
    ENCRYPTED_VALUE = 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
),  
(  
    COLUMN_MASTER_KEY = CMK2,   
    ALGORITHM = 'RSA_OAEP',   
    ENCRYPTED_VALUE = 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
);  
GO

See Also

ALTER COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY (Transact-SQL)
DROP COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY (Transact-SQL)
CREATE COLUMN MASTER KEY (Transact-SQL)
sys.column_encryption_keys (Transact-SQL)
sys.column_encryption_key_values (Transact-SQL)
sys.columns (Transact-SQL)
Always Encrypted
Always Encrypted with secure enclaves Overview of Key Management for Always Encrypted
Manage keys for Always Encrypted with secure enclaves