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title BEGIN...END (Transact-SQL)
description BEGIN...END allows the execution of a group of Transact-SQL statements in a control of flow.
author rwestMSFT
ms.author randolphwest
ms.date 05/18/2024
ms.service sql
ms.subservice t-sql
ms.topic reference
ms.custom
ignite-2024
f1_keywords
BEGIN
BEGIN_TSQL
helpviewer_keywords
enclosing statements [SQL Server]
BEGIN statement
control-of-flow language [SQL Server], BEGIN...END statement
BEGIN...END keyword
grouping statements, BEGIN...END statement
executing Transact-SQL statements together [SQL Server]
statements [SQL Server], grouping
dev_langs
TSQL
monikerRange >=aps-pdw-2016 || =azuresqldb-current || =azure-sqldw-latest || >=sql-server-2016 || >=sql-server-linux-2017 || =azuresqldb-mi-current || =fabric

BEGIN...END (Transact-SQL)

[!INCLUDE sql-asdb-asdbmi-asa-pdw-fabricse-fabricdw-fabricsqldb]

Encloses a series of [!INCLUDE tsql] statements so that a group of [!INCLUDE tsql] statements can be executed in a logical block of code. BEGIN and END are control-of-flow language keywords.

:::image type="icon" source="../../includes/media/topic-link-icon.svg" border="false"::: Transact-SQL syntax conventions

Syntax

BEGIN
    { sql_statement | statement_block }
END

Arguments

{ sql_statement | statement_block }

Any valid [!INCLUDE tsql] statement or statement grouping as defined by using a statement block.

Remarks

BEGIN...END blocks can be nested.

Although all [!INCLUDE tsql] statements are valid within a BEGIN...END block, certain [!INCLUDE tsql] statements shouldn't be grouped together within the same batch, or statement block.

Examples

In the following example, BEGIN and END define a series of [!INCLUDE tsql] statements that execute together. If the BEGIN...END block isn't included, both ROLLBACK TRANSACTION statements would execute, and both PRINT messages would be returned.

USE AdventureWorks2022;
GO

BEGIN TRANSACTION
GO

IF @@TRANCOUNT = 0
BEGIN
    SELECT FirstName, MiddleName
    FROM Person.Person
    WHERE LastName = 'Adams';

    ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;

    PRINT N'Rolling back the transaction two times would cause an error.';
END;

ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;

PRINT N'Rolled back the transaction.';
GO

Examples: [!INCLUDE ssazuresynapse-md] and [!INCLUDE ssPDW]

In the following example, BEGIN and END define a series of [!INCLUDE DWsql] statements that run together. If the BEGIN...END block isn't included, the following example runs in a continuous loop.

-- Uses AdventureWorksDW

DECLARE @Iteration INT = 0;

WHILE @Iteration < 10
BEGIN
    SELECT FirstName,
        MiddleName
    FROM dbo.DimCustomer
    WHERE LastName = 'Adams';

    SET @Iteration += 1;
END;

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